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Formal words

Who, which (formal) in Thai

ซึ่งsûeng is the written “which” or “who”: it adds information about something, where everyday Thai says ที่tîi.

ซึ่ง sûeng

which, who (adds information; formal, written) pronoun

  • sûeng falling
  • Falling: start high and drop clearly, like a firm “No!”

How to use it

ซึ่งsûeng links a description to a noun, often after a pause, or comments on a whole sentence ("…, which made the traffic terrible"). It's one of the most common words in news and textbooks.

In conversation Thais use ที่tîi for the first job, คนที่ใส่เสื้อแดงkon tîi sài sûea daeng, the person in the red shirt, and simply start a new sentence for the second, often with ก็เลยgâw-loei, so. Mind the tone: ซึ่งsûeng falls, while high ซึ้งsúeng means deeply touched.

Don't mix it up

  • ซึ้งsúeng

    deeply touched, moved

    High tone: moved, touched, as by a kind gesture.

Other spellings you'll see

There's no single official way to write Thai in English letters. We mark the tone of every syllable; online you'll also find:

  • seung
  • sung
  • suang

More formal words in Thai

All formal words
  • การ gaan Kaan (prefix)

    -ing, -tion: turns a verb into a noun (the act of …)

  • ความ kwaam Kwaam (prefix)

    -ness (turns a verb or adjective into a noun)

  • ผู้ pûu Phu (prefix)

    person (who …): makes words for people, like -er

  • นัก nák Nak (prefix)

    -er, -ist: someone who does it (as a job or a passion)

  • เมื่อ mûea When (formal)

    when, once (formal)

  • ต่างๆ dtàang-dtàang Various

    various, all kinds of (after the noun)

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Written by the Learn Thai For Free team
Audio: AI voices, quality-checked for tones